3 research outputs found
A Thermal Plume Model for the Martian Convective Boundary Layer
The Martian Planetary Boundary Layer [PBL] is a crucial component of the
Martian climate system. Global Climate Models [GCMs] and Mesoscale Models [MMs]
lack the resolution to predict PBL mixing which is therefore parameterized.
Here we propose to adapt the "thermal plume" model, recently developed for
Earth climate modeling, to Martian GCMs, MMs, and single-column models. The aim
of this physically-based parameterization is to represent the effect of
organized turbulent structures (updrafts and downdrafts) on the daytime PBL
transport, as it is resolved in Large-Eddy Simulations [LESs]. We find that the
terrestrial thermal plume model needs to be modified to satisfyingly account
for deep turbulent plumes found in the Martian convective PBL. Our Martian
thermal plume model qualitatively and quantitatively reproduces the thermal
structure of the daytime PBL on Mars: superadiabatic near-surface layer, mixing
layer, and overshoot region at PBL top. This model is coupled to surface layer
parameterizations taking into account stability and turbulent gustiness to
calculate surface-atmosphere fluxes. Those new parameterizations for the
surface and mixed layers are validated against near-surface lander
measurements. Using a thermal plume model moreover enables a first order
estimation of key turbulent quantities (e.g. PBL height, convective plume
velocity) in Martian GCMs and MMs without having to run costly LESs.Comment: 53 pages, 21 figures, paper + appendix. Accepted for publication in
Journal of Geophysical Research - Planet
Impact of the Langdon effect on crossed-beam energy transfer
International audienc
Future for inertial-fusion energy in Europe: a roadmap
The recent achievement of fusion ignition with laser-driven technologies at the National Ignition Facility sets a historic accomplishment in fusion energy research. This accomplishment paves the way for using laser inertial fusion as a viable approach for future energy production. Europe has a unique opportunity to empower research in this field internationally, and the scientific community is eager to engage in this journey. We propose establishing a European programme on inertial-fusion energy with the mission to demonstrate laser-driven ignition in the direct-drive scheme and to develop pathway technologies for the commercial fusion reactor. The proposed roadmap is based on four complementary axes: (i) the physics of laser–plasma interaction and burning plasmas; (ii) high-energy high repetition rate laser technology; (iii) fusion reactor technology and materials; and (iv) reinforcement of the laser fusion community by international education and training programmes. We foresee collaboration with universities, research centres and industry and establishing joint activities with the private sector involved in laser fusion. This project aims to stimulate a broad range of high-profile industrial developments in laser, plasma and radiation technologies along with the expected high-level socio-economic impact